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v6 fdisk 使用

  1. fdisk 命令分割硬碟,不使用 -uc 選項出現警告訊息,且每一個 partition 都不是結束於 cylinder 的邊界,這會造成分割時的困擾。
    [root@kvm8 ~]# fdisk /dev/vda
    
    WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
             switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
             sectors (command 'u').
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/vda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x0006a798
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vda1   *           3         198       98304   83  Linux
    Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
    /dev/vda2             198        8056     3960576   8e  Linux LVM
    Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
    /dev/vda3            8056        8320      133120   8e  Linux LVM
    Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.
    
  2. fdisk 命令分割硬碟,使用 -uc 選項。
    [root@kvm8 ~]# fdisk -uc /dev/vda
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/vda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders, total 8388608 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x0005fdc8
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vda1   *        2048      198655       98304   83  Linux
    /dev/vda2          198656     8119807     3960576   8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/vda3         8119808     8386047      133120   8e  Linux LVM
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Selected partition 4
    First sector (8386048-8388607, default 8386048): 
    Using default value 8386048
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (8386048-8388607, default 8388607): +1M
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/vda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders, total 8388608 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x0005fdc8
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vda1   *        2048      198655       98304   83  Linux
    /dev/vda2          198656     8119807     3960576   8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/vda3         8119808     8386047      133120   8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/vda4         8386048     8388095        1024   83  Linux
    
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    
    WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
    The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
    the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
    Syncing disks.
    
  3. 依據警告訊息使用 partprobe 偵測新分割區無效。
    [root@kvm8 ~]# partprobe 
    Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on 
    /dev/vda (Device or resource busy).  
    As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
    
  4. 依據警告訊息使用 kpartx 偵測新分割區無效,使用 partx 偵測也無效。
    [root@kvm8 ~]# kpartx /dev/vda
    vda1 : 0 196608 /dev/vda 2048
    vda2 : 0 7921152 /dev/vda 198656
    vda3 : 0 266240 /dev/vda 8119808
    vda4 : 0 2048 /dev/vda 8386048
    [root@kvm8 ~]# partx /dev/vda
    # 1:      2048-   198655 (   196608 sectors,    100 MB)
    # 2:    198656-  8119807 (  7921152 sectors,   4055 MB)
    # 3:   8119808-  8386047 (   266240 sectors,    136 MB)
    # 4:   8386048-  8388095 (     2048 sectors,      1 MB)
    
  5. /dev/vda4 仍然沒有出現。
    [root@kvm8 ~]# ll /dev/vda*
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 0 Dec 19 09:25 /dev/vda
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 1 Dec  8 14:25 /dev/vda1
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 2 Dec  8 14:25 /dev/vda2
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 3 Dec  8 14:25 /dev/vda3
    
  6. 使用 partx 加上 -a 選項有效,可以不重新開機將新的分割區 /dev/vda4 加到分割表中。
    [root@kvm8 ~]# partx -va /dev/vda
    device /dev/vda: start 0 size 8388608
    gpt: 0 slices
    dos: 4 slices
    # 1:      2048-   198655 (   196608 sectors,    100 MB)
    # 2:    198656-  8119807 (  7921152 sectors,   4055 MB)
    # 3:   8119808-  8386047 (   266240 sectors,    136 MB)
    # 4:   8386048-  8388095 (     2048 sectors,      1 MB)
    BLKPG: Device or resource busy
    error adding partition 1
    BLKPG: Device or resource busy
    error adding partition 2
    BLKPG: Device or resource busy
    error adding partition 3
    added partition 4
    
  7. 已經看到 /dev/vda4。
    [root@kvm8 ~]# ll /dev/vda*
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 0 Dec 19 09:25 /dev/vda
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 1 Dec  8 14:25 /dev/vda1
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 2 Dec  8 14:25 /dev/vda2
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 3 Dec  8 14:25 /dev/vda3
    brw-rw----. 1 root disk 252, 4 Dec 19 09:27 /dev/vda4
    
  8. 格式化 /dev/vda4 成功。
    [root@kvm8 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vda4
    mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
    128 inodes, 1024 blocks
    51 blocks (4.98%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    Maximum filesystem blocks=1048576
    1 block group
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    128 inodes per group
    
    Writing inode tables: done                            
    
    Filesystem too small for a journal
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
    



2015-12-04